foreign policy : ​ค้นหาหนังสือธรรมะ

…in Lebanon. The third, much more complex and, as in the case of Iran, less dark reality is that the foreign policy of Syria on issues other than Lebanon is far from immutable. Syria is out to protect its interests,…

…he failed attempts for democratic reforms post-Cedar Revolution, and the pragmatic nature of Syrian foreign policy which continues to evolve. Despite the U.S. efforts to limit Syria's influence, the balance of powe…

Dealing With the New Middle East The Bush administration's attempt to shape a new Middle East has been a major factor in the emergence of the new and extremely problematic realities we have discussed

The Bush administration's policies have complicated the realities in the Middle East. A new approach is needed, prioritizing diplomacy and a clear understanding of U.S. limits in the region. Confronta

policy in Iraq and of the Palestinian–Israeli peace process. The United States needs to recognize that terrorism is not the result of blind hatred of Western civilization, as the Bush administration i

This text argues that U.S. policies in the Middle East must shift to address underlying political issues to effectively curb terrorism and ensure oil flow. It outlines critical tasks for U.S. engageme

REALTIES OF THE NEW MIDDLE EAST 21 otherwise unwelcome consequences..... And another message should be equally clear: leaders who abandon the pursuit of chemical, biological and nuclear weapons, and

This text discusses the complexities and challenges in the New Middle East, particularly regarding nuclear ambitions of countries like Saudi Arabia and Egypt, and the decline of the U.S. freedom agend

22 THE NEW MIDDLE EAST few, limited in scope, carried out only when allowed by incumbent regimes, and dropped quickly when governments objected. After September 11, President Bush openly repudiated th

This text discusses the shift in U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East following the September 11 attacks. President Bush's declaration of aligning Ame…

…tional presence and a multinational outlook at the core of its operations. The Endowment publishes Foreign Policy, one of the world's leading journals of international politics and economics, which reaches readers…

… global security and stability by maintaining a permanent international presence. It also publishes Foreign Policy, a leading journal distributed in over 120 countries, making significant contributions to discussio…

The Reality of the New Middle East The first step toward the formulation of a new policy is to understand the realities of the new Middle East as it is now. The three clusters of countries — Iran–Ira

The new Middle East is defined by three country clusters: Iran–Iraq, Lebanon–Syria, and Palestine–Israel, intertwined with issues such as nuclear proliferation and sectarianism. The U.S. faces not jus

There has been no successful democratic revolution in any Middle Eastern country. Instead, the democratic openings advocated and supported by the United States have either led to sectarian division or

…ors and renewed talks with Syria and Iran – these did not shift the overall aggressive tone of U.S. foreign policy. The mixed results of these approaches highlight the ongoing challenges the U.S. faces in promoting…

36 THE NEW MIDDLE EAST restoring a balance of power that is not entirely dependent on a long-term, large U.S. military presence with its financial costs and negative political perceptions in the regi

This text discusses the changing power dynamics in the Middle East, particularly the region's responses to Iranian influence and the evolving role of the U.S. Historically reliant on American support,

A new policy toward Syria also needs to recognize the country for what it is: a small country without massive ambitions or ideological crusades, trying to maintain some role in the region. The confron

This text discusses the need for a nuanced U.S. policy toward Syria, recognizing its limited ambitions while encouraging a shift away from its spoiler role in Lebanon and alignment with Iran. It furth

38 THE NEW MIDDLE EAST must be clearly defined; in the Middle East, the concept of democracy promotion has fluctuated from aggressive rhetoric of regime overthrow at one extreme to small, little noti

…le tensions between American values and interests in the region, which can undermine credibility in foreign policy. For more insights, visit dmc.tv.

For this reason, Luang Phaw Dhammajayo has set a policy for Buddhist monks at Wat Phra Dhammakaya to receive training enabling them to have a strong determination, a good observance of the precepts, a

Luang Phaw Dhammajayo has implemented a training policy for Buddhist monks at Wat Phra Dhammakaya, emphasizing strong determination, observance of precepts, and moral values cultivated through meditat

Palestinian legislative elections to proceed credibly — but then led to an immediate American effort to overturn the result through any possible means. The Bush administration’s short attention span f

The text discusses the complications surrounding the Palestinian legislative elections and the subsequent U.S. effort to undermine the democratic outcome, particularly emphasizing the Bush administrat

To be sure, engagement offers no guarantees of success. It is the Iranian government that ultimately must make a strategic decision to change its own policies. The best thing Washington can do is main

This text discusses the necessity for strategic dialogue between the U.S. and Iran, emphasizing the importance of Iran's willingness to modify its policies. It asserts that the U.S. should provide Ira

But it is impossible to turn back the clock to more propitious circumstances. The biggest tension—between integrating Hamas and denying the movement its proclaimed goal of destroying Israel—can only b

The text discusses the challenges of integrating Hamas while managing its actions against Israel. It stresses the importance of regional pressures and U.S. support for a unified Palestinian government

About the Authors MARINA OTTAWAY is a senior associate in the Democracy and Rule of Law Program and director of the Carnegie Middle East Program. Her most recent book, Beyond the Façade: Political Re

This section highlights the contributions of key authors associated with the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Marina Ottaway, a senior associate, leads the Democracy and Rule of Law Program

to be cooperative on its own terms and for its own interests, but this does not mean that the United States is in a strong position to push Iran to comply with its requests, particularly at present. T

…he complexity of diplomacy in the region. The text further mentions the perceived dichotomy in U.S. foreign policy regarding Syria and Lebanon's political landscape. For more insights, visit dmc.tv.

Although Iran is a center around which Shi’i resentment could coalesce, two factors reduce the likelihood that the Tehran regime will encourage such a development. One is that Iran aspires to be the c

The complexities of Iran's relationship with Sunni states underscore the ongoing challenges in Middle Eastern diplomacy. Iran seeks to be a leader in the region, supporting not only Shiite factions bu

Each centre has regular meditation practise and activities including offering sustenance to Buddha on every first Sunday of the month, dedicating merit to the decreased, releasing fish and other creat

Each centre hosts regular meditation practices and activities like offering sustenance to Buddha, dedicating merit to the deceased, and releasing creatures. Special ceremonies are complemented by cour

Eastern Han Buddhist meditation and Daoism By the middle of the first century CE, a Buddhist community was already in existence in China, and growing. The arrival of translators from Central Asia and

By the first century CE, Buddhism had begun to take root in China, with translators arriving from Central Asia and India to convert texts into Chinese. They initially faced challenges in accurately co